This article describes some historical facts and features of Buddhism during the Chinese Republican period by utilizing the holdings of the Academia Historica, the Second Historical Archives of China, and the Beijing Municipal Archives. The phenomena developed during that time are presented in chronological order from the beginning of the Republican period, golden decade of 1928 -1937, War of Resistance Against Japan to post-war. The archival materials revealed that between 1912 and 1949, the following issues were commonplace phenomenon in the history of Buddhism: destruction of temples, establishment of schools with monastery assets, raising Buddhist chanting taxes, monasteries occupied by military troops and official institutions, and monastery assets occupied by the local government and local tyrants and evil gentry. The Xiangguo Temple, located in Kaifeng, Henan Province, what it had been experienced can be an example to demonstrate the aforementioned phenomenon. In conclusion, one of the most critical factors leading to our understanding of the history of Buddhism during the Chinese Republican period is the issue of monastery assets involving central and local governments, the military, the KMT party, and local tyrants and evil gentry.
