Abhidharma; Abhidhamma; Bija; Abhidharmakosabha sya; Karmasiddhiprakarana; Chu-she Lun chi
摘要
After the time of the Buddha, the Buddhist scholarly schools (Sanskrit. Abhidharma; Pali. Abhidhamma) faced a serious paradox, how a secular person can be awakened. Also, given the Buddhist doctrine of non-eternity (Sanskrit. anitya; Pali. anicca), another question that may be asked is how can continuity be established? These problems were to be articulated in one dry and doctrinal sentence, "How unwholesome minds (Sanskrit. akusala; Pali. akusala) can be altered into wholesome minds (Sanskrit. kusala; Pali. kusala)?" Various schools suggested their own interpretations of and solutions to the question. Among them, the Sautrantika School established a doctrine of seeds (bija). The doctrine was enhanced by the use of a metaphor of seed-plants, which yield fruits. However, after the doctrine was developed, it began to change within the major texts of the Sautrantika. The doctrine was more radically transformed by Chinese Buddhist scholars. This study surveys the development and diversity of the seeds-doctrine using three main texts: the Abhidharmakosabhasya, the Karmasiddhiprakarana (Ta-ch`eng ch`eng-yeh lun,大乘成業論) and the Chu-she lun chi (俱舍論記).
