吉藏《大乘玄論》之中道佛性所導向的修行目的=Based on Jizang’s Essentials of Greatvehicle to Research the Purpose of the Buddha-dhātu (enlightenment) Explicated at Non-duality Middle-way Perspective
吉藏=Jizang; 中道=Middle-way; 不二中道=Non-duality Middle-way; 佛性=buddha-dhātu (enlightenment); 《大乘玄論》=Essentials of Greatvehicle
摘要
本文主要依據隋．吉藏的《大乘玄論》，探討吉藏對於「佛性」（buddha-dhātu / enlightenment）的解釋。吉藏論述佛性，乃至於貫穿整部《大乘玄論》的方法，就其著作而言，大致是以「中道」（madhyamapratipad;madhyamā pratipad / middle way or middle path）作為論述佛性的方法；或可稱之為「不二中道」（Nondual Middle Way），也就是將「不二」（a-dvaya / non-duality）與「中道」合併作為一組概念而言。藉此可以看出吉藏在消極面排除錯誤的道理，而在積極面帶出正確的見解。藉由吉藏論述佛性的方法，進而檢視吉藏以不二中道論述佛性所要帶出的目的，不僅只是如《乘玄論》所謂的「破邪顯正」，而是在顯示正確的道理之後，得以幫助世人斷除煩惱，而達到解脫、涅槃的境界。本文的論述架構，由如下五節串聯而成：第一節，「前言」，帶出本文的主題、文獻依據、研究背景、論述架構與預期研究成果；第二節，「學界研究成果的反思與開展」，藉由反思當前的研究成果，提出本文之所以值得研究的理由，進而可以有所開展的方向；第三節，「以『不二中道』透顯『佛性』的意義」，從「不二中道」與「佛性」的界說入手，看出吉藏如何藉由不二中道的方法，呈現出佛性的意義；第四節，「以『不二中道』理解『佛性』所要導向的修行目的」，指出吉藏的論述，不僅止 於理論上的建構，而是藉由論辯的形式，教導世人關於佛法修行的意義、方法與目的；第五節，「結論與展望」，收攝全文要點，並提出後續值得持續研究的方向。
In terms of Essentials of Greatvehicle by Jizang in Sui dynasty, Jizang’s explication of buddha-dhātu (enlightenment) is reviewed and inquired. Middle-way is Jizang’s means to discourse enlightenment and to accomplish the Essentials of Greatvehicle. In other words, this can be named Non-duality Middleway as known as a concept that combines both non-duality and middle-way. This tells how Jizang strived for exclusion of errors and inclusion of right views on the passive and active sides, respectively. Jizang’s means to discourse enlightenment applies to review of the purpose of the enlightenment explicated at Non-duality Middle-way perspective, which aims at not only achievement of “Honor the Right and Batter the Wrong” stated in Essentials of Greatvehicle but also helping people exterminate vexations to achieve the state of liberation and nirvana after explicit display of the “Right”. The paper contains the following 5 sections. Section I (Introduction) presents the theme, literature basis, context, discourse architecture and estimated achievements. Section II (Reflection and Direction of Previous Studies) proposes why investigation is worthwhile via reflection on previous studies and further presents a promising developing direction with deliberation. Section III (Significance of Enlightenment Embodied by Nonduality Middle-way) states the significance of enlightenment in lights of Jizang’s Non-duality Middle-way in association with the definition of both Non-duality Middle-way and enlightenment. Section IV (Comprehension of Enlightenment’s Purpose for Achieving Buddhism Training Explicated at Non-Duality Middle-way Perspective) pinpoints Jizang’s discourse that teaches the world the significance, methodology and purpose in relation to Buddhism discipline with his theoretic construe in association with his dialectic form. Lastly Section V (Conclusion and Prospects) depicts the highlights and proposes the future direction for further studies.
