Historically, Tibetan Buddhism temple education not only formed its own distinctive features in such aspects as teaching system, teaching content, teaching methods, and diploma system, but also played a positive role in carrying-forward and development of Tibetan culture, and cultivation of talented personnel. In this paper, the author elaborated the characteristics and historical function of temple education of five major sects of Tibetan Buddhism: Ningma, Gedang, Sajia, Geju, and Gelu.