宗教交流=religious exchange; 軟實力=soft power; 儒釋道傳統宗教=Confucianism Buddhism Taoism traditional religion
摘要
本論文以儒､釋､道之三種傳統宗教為主要探討範圍，以中華文化的角度做區隔，儒､道為中國本土宗教，而佛教則在東漢傳入中國，在唐朝時就已本土化，甚至融入儒､道兩教之中。在中國人民的信仰中，儒､釋､道三教的信仰精神與道德價值觀，早已融入生活中。而基督教與伊斯蘭教雖有優良的教義及道德價值觀，因本文是以中國傳統文化作探討，而將其歸為外來宗教，而不在本文的研究範圍內。 本文研究以1987 至 2018 年這三十多年來，兩岸宗教交流的現象及對兩岸關係之影響與未來發展為主。首先，瞭解兩岸宗教交流的由來及發展，論述文化與宗教信仰的關聯，探討宗教交流與文化外交政策的關係。文中列舉中國向國際成功推展的孔子學院､少林寺的武術以及韓國風縻全球的文化創意產業，做為軟實力發展的案例。並且以兩岸政治型態與宗教政策的背景與演變，來探討中國大陸改革開放前後，以及臺灣在解除戒嚴前後之政治情勢的演變及宗教政策的走向，來闡述本文研究目的及方向。 在文中以儒､釋､道三教為主軸，探討兩岸傳統宗教的發展及演變，並歸納出三十年來，兩岸宗教交流的五種模式，瞭解兩岸宗教交流的推動成效及影響。並且運用美國學者約瑟夫．奈伊（Joseph S. Nye）「軟實力」之理論概念，及「文化創意」之經營理念，來探討兩岸宗教交流之發展及合作，以臺灣宗教文化之多元特色，結合中國祖廟之歷史悠久的地位，打造出優秀的中華宗教文化品牌，將兩岸的宗教軟實力帶往國際，使兩岸共同肩負起中華宗教全球化的文化角色，以期藉由宗教交流來消弭兩岸政治上的分歧及疏離，共創兩岸和平共榮之雙贏局面。
This thesis focuses on the three traditional religions of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. It is divided by the perspective of Chinese culture. Confucianism and Taoism are Chinese local religions, while Buddhism was introduced to China in the Eastern Han Dynasty and localized in the Tang Dynasty. Even integrated into Confucianism and Taoism. In the belief of the Chinese people, the belief spirit and moral values of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism have already been integrated into life. Although Christianity and Islam have excellent teachings and moral values, this article is based on Chinese traditional culture and is classified as a foreign religion, not within the scope of this paper. This paper studies the phenomenon of cross-strait religious exchanges and the influence and future development of cross-strait relations over the past 30 years from 1987 to 2018. First, understand the origin and development of cross-strait religious exchanges, narrate the relationship between culture and religious beliefs, and explore the relationship between religious exchanges and cultural foreign policy. The article lists the Chinese Confucius Institute, the Shaolin Temple martial arts and the Korean cultural and creative industry's foreign policy as a case study. And with the background and evolution of cross-strait political patterns and religious policies, to explore the evolution of political patterns and the trend of religious policies before and after the reform and opening up in mainland China, and the political evolution and religious policy of Taiwan before and after the lifting of martial law. To illustrate the purpose and direction of this study. In the article, the Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are the mainstays to explore the development and evolution of traditional religions on both sides of the strait, and to summarize the five modes of cross-strait religious exchanges over the past 30 years, and to explore the effectiveness and influence of cross-strait religious exchanges. And use the American scholar Joseph S. Nye's theoretical concept of "soft power" and the business philosophy of "cultural creativity" to explore the development and cooperation of cross-strait religious exchanges, combining the diverse characteristics of Taiwan's religious culture with the long history of Chinese ancestral temples. To create an excellent Chinese religious and cultural brand and bring the religious soft power of the two sides of the strait to the international community, so that the two sides can shoulder the cultural role of the globalization of Chinese religion, with a view to eliminating cross-strait political differences and alienation through religious exchanges. Create a win-win situation for cross-strait peace and common prosperity.
