To commemorate the 1650th anniversary of the Mogao Grottoes, the Dunhuang Academy held "Dunhuang Forum 2016: Convergence and Innovation-International Conference in Commemoration of the 1650th Anniversary of the Mogao Grottoes" at Mogao, which received 109 submitted papers. More than 150 experts and scholars had heated discussion on various fields including cave archaeology, cave art, Buddhist history, ancient sites, ancient tombs, research of ancient documents, history and culture of Dunhuang and the Silk Road, Dunhuang languages and literature, Dunhuang art and contemporary art creation, photographic archives of caves, historical resources of Dunhuang's science and technology, as well as the academic history of Dunhuang Studies. This conference greatly promoted the development of the convergence and innovation research.