敦煌寫卷《靈州龍興寺白草院史和尚因緣記》與唐五代的刺血寫經=The Dunhuang Manuscript Karma Stories of Monk Shi from Baicaoyuan in the Longxing Temple at Lingzhou and the Manuscripts Written in Blood from the Tang and Five Dynasties
This paper discusses the phenomenon of writing manuscripts in blood,a practice popular since the Tang and Five Dynasties.The Dunhuang manuscript Karma Stories of Monk Shi from Baicaoyuan in the Longxing Temple at Lingzhou has been found to be representative of the conflict between writing manuscripts in blood and the Confucian value system.The story about Qutu Zhongren in Jiwen(Hearing and Recording,a fictional collection about strange occurences) and the inscription of a manuscript written in blood by an elder at Dunhuang indicate the changes in beliefs regarding such manuscripts among common people when influenced by Buddhist ideas of hell,which reflects the localization and secularization of Buddhism occurring at the time.These manuscripts are of important value for studying the history of religious ideas and the effects that changes in these ideas have on the attitudes held by ordinary citizens.
