正念=health of body-mind-spirit; 身心靈健康=higher educators; 高等教育工作者=meditation; 禪修=mindfulness
摘要
禪修正念在西方學術研究中，已有許多科學實證報告指出對個人身心靈健康和醫療上具有顯著功效，同時應用於心理輔導和教育上亦有許多正面的效益；禪修正念雖源於東方智慧，惟國內本土有關研究報告，目前尚處於起步階段。本研究係透過訪談研究法來探討禪修正念學習對於高等教育工作者身心靈健康，和應用在教育情境中的影響以及賦予的個人意義和生命經驗。本研究的主要目的包括：一、瞭解從事高等教育工作者學習禪修正念的心路歷程；二、探討禪修正念對高等教育工作者個人身心靈健康的影響；三、研究禪修正念學習對於從事教學、研究和服務輔導工作的影響。 本研究在研究方法論上屬於質性研究中的訪談研究法(interviewing as qualitative research)，資料的蒐集主要係以半結構方式的訪談，對象則透過立意取樣，選取6位目前從事高等教育教學工作，並具有多年禪修經驗的大學教師作二至三次，每次約60至90分鐘的深度訪談，取得分享文本資料並作分析、詮釋和意義建立。本研究透過高等教育工作者禪修正念學習經驗的生命歷程的分享，除瞭解高等教育工作者自我學習成長的心路歷程，以及對個人身心靈健康的影響外，同時將其應用於教學、研究和服務輔導工作情境中個人的心路歷程和回饋，可供其他高等教育工作者參考，同時也嘗試將禪修正念與國內外學術研究相互結合。 研究結果顯示，一、六位研究參與者禪修正念的學習心路歷程中，發現有許多共同經驗和個別特徵；二、六位研究參與者禪修正念學習過程中，確實有助於個人身心靈健康的提升；三、此外，六位研究參與者也都有將禪修正念的體悟和心得，運用於教學、研究和服務輔導工作的實例。最後，根據六位研究參與者的學習心得，建議學習禪修正念要依止大善知識修行，以免繞遠路和走錯路；禪修正念學習要有正確的知見，俾提升個人全面身心靈健康；此外，建議有興趣修習禪修正念的高等教育工作者，可嘗試參與國內禪修團體的活動或國外正念訓練課程，並於生活和工作當中加以運用和持續練習。
Many Western studies have indicated that mindfulness meditation can significantly influence a person’s health of body-mind-spirit and treatment for illnesses, and can provide many positive benefits when combined with psychological counseling and education. Although mindfulness meditation originated from Eastern wisdom traditions, recent academic studies examining the practice of mindfulness meditation have only begun to emerge in Taiwan. In this study, interviewing as qualitative research was used to investigate the effect of mindfulness meditation on the health of body-mind-spirit of higher educators, to examine the effect of applying meditation to education, and to determine how it provides personal significance and life experience. The aims of this study were: (a) to understand the mental process of the higher educators practicing mindfulness meditation. (b) to discuss the effect of mindfulness meditation on the health of body-mind-spirit of higher educators. (c) to explore the influence of mindfulness meditation on the work of teaching, research, counseling and service. Six currently practicing college educators who had experience with meditation were recruited using a purposive sampling method. Data were obtained through 2 to 3 semi-structured in-depth interviews with each participant, and each interview lasted for approximately 60 to 90 minutes. Subsequently, the interviews were transcribed, analyzed, and interpreted. Through the learning experience of mindfulness meditation and the personal life history of the higher educators, this study examined the personal development of the educators, the influence of practicing mindfulness meditation on their individual health of body-mind-spirit, and the feedback and experience of teaching, research, counseling and service who practiced mindfulness meditation in their work. In addition, this study attempted to integrate mindfulness meditation with international and domestic academic research. The results of this study showed that: (a) the 6 participants had some similar experiences and individual characteristics. (b) mindfulness meditation assisted the participants with improving their health of body-mind-spirit. (c) the participants have applied their experience with mindfulness meditation to teaching, research, counseling and service. The results of the study suggested: (a) the participants reported that mindfulness meditation should be practiced with properly experienced masters to avoid deviating from being righteous. (b) correct knowledge is also needed to enhance a person’s overall health of body-mind-spirit. (c) it is recommanded that higher educators interested in meditation mindfulness can participate in the activities of domestic meditation groups or the foreign MBCT/MBSR training classes, and continuously apply and practice meditation in everyday life and work.
