This paper discusses the Buddhist threefold model of wisdom which, on the basis of ethics, progresses from ‘study,’ to ‘reflection,’ to ‘cultivation,’ and argues that mindfulness plays a critical role at each of these steps, forming the common thread joining them together. Beyond opposing statically the mnemonic, conceptual, and attentional dimensions of mindfulness, this threefold paradigm of ‘mindful wisdom’ can serve to articulate them dynamically within the context of the path. The model is first examined with special consideration of Mahāyāna sources and its relation to the epistemic foundations of tradition, reason, and direct experience. Then, in reference to living Tibetan and Himalayan traditions, each step of wisdom is shown to rely upon a distinct aspect of mindfulness or presence: keeping in mind the teachings present, forming adequate re-present-ations, and cultivating a presence of mind. Ultimately, the paper inquires into the emergence of self-knowledge and the integration of personality.
