Kenneth Liberman is professor of sociology at the University of Oregon
摘要
Tibetan Buddhist scholar-monks have long engaged in face-to-face public philosophical debates. This original study challenges Orientalist text-based scholarship, which has overlooked these lived practices of Tibetan dialectics. Kenneth Liberman brings these dynamic disputations to life for the modern reader through a richly detailed, turn-by-turn analysis of the monks' formal philosophical reasoning. He argues that Tibetan Buddhists deliberately organize their debates into formal structures that both empower and constrain thinking, skillfully using logic as an interactional tool to organize their reflections. During his three years in residence at Tibetan monastic universities, Liberman observed and videotaped the monks' debates. He then transcribed, translated, and analyzed them using multimedia software and ethnomethodological techniques, which enabled him to scrutinize the local methods that Tibetan debaters use to keep their philosophical inquiries alive. His study shows the monks rely on such indigenous dialectical methods as extending an opponent's position to its absurd consequences, "pulling the rug out" from under an opponent, and other lively strategies. This careful investigation of the formal philosophical work of Tibetan scholars is a pathbreaking analysis of an important classical tradition.
目次
Acknowledgements vii Foreword Harold Garfinkel ix Part I: Postcolonial Inquiry into Tibetan Dialectics 1 Chapter 1: Orientalism and Tibetological Praxis 3 Chapter 2: Ethnomethodology and the Retrieval of Ordinary Society 25 Chapter 3: The Organization of Reason in Tibetan Philosophical Debating 51 Part II: Philosophical Praxis in the Tibetan Academy 79 Chapter 4: Organizing the Objectivity of the Discourse: Dialectics and Communication 81 Chapter 5: Reason as a Public Activity 107 Chapter 6: Rhymes and Reason: Reason as the In Vivo, Concerted Work of Tibetan Philosophers 121 Chapter 7: Strategies in Tibetan Philosophical Debates 165 Part III: A Sociology of Reasoning 235 Chapter 8: Using Reasons: Capabilities of Formal Analysis 237 Chapter 9: Some Formal Analytic Betrayals of Philosophy 273 Bibliography 309 Index 319
