Pei-Chun Kuo is currently an Assistant Professor at Department of History, National Taiwan University.
關鍵詞
Buddhism in Heian Japan; Esoteric Buddhist Ritual; Zunshi; Genshin; Tendai
摘要
Following Asuka and Nara periods, Buddhism in Heian Japan was flourishing and much developed. Not only national Buddhist rituals can be found in the historical accounts, rituals held in society was also often recorded. Rituals that strictly follows canons should have assure Japanese Buddhist rituals keep the same form with their Chinese origin; however, Genshin (942-1017), a famous Tendai monk, showed us a different picture. With the development of Heian Buddhism, Buddhist rituals has gradually differed from Chinese Buddhist rituals, and finally generated its originality. One of the important reasons was the difference of political and social backgrounds. During Tang and Song China, Tiantai Buddhism in China has been through many different development stages, and Tendai Buddhism in Japan was also organized in the same period. With the interaction of Buddhist culture in East Asia, both Tiantai and Tendai Buddhism became comparable in many ways. This article will focus on Genshi in Heian period and his contemporary fellow Zunshi (964-1032) in Song China, through inspecting and comparing their creative works, to illustrate how they perceive esoteric Buddhist ideas into rituals. Keywords:
