화엄학=Huayan studies; 성불론; 성＝性= Nature; 이＝理; 징관= Chengguan; 혜원= Huiyuan; Theory of Buddhahood Attainment; phenomena; principle
摘要
지엄(智儼)·법장(法藏)으로 대표되는 전통 화엄학이 ‘법계연기(法界緣起)’설을 핵심 교리 중 하나로 한다는 주장은 성불론의 의미를 풍부하게 담고 있다. 그리고 『팔십화엄』의 번역과 여래장경전의 성행은 화엄학에 새로운 계몽적 시각을 제기하기에 이르렀다. 이후 혜원(慧苑)을 거쳐 징관(澄觀)에 이르기까지 ‘성(性)’·‘상(相)’·‘이(理)’·‘사(事)’ 등 해석 패러다임을 쓰기 사작함에 따라 화엄 성불론의 해석에도 큰 이론적 전향이 일어났다. 본고에서는 남북조 시기의 성불론에 관한 논의를 참조하여, 화엄 사상가의 성불론 사상을 정리하고, 혜원과 징관이 어떤 의미에서 성불 문제에 대해 이론적 혁신을 했는지 고찰하여, 당대(唐代) 화엄의학(華嚴義學)(=화엄종)에서 성불론이 어떻게 발전해갔는지 그 맥락을 명확히 밝히고자 한다.
Traditional Huayan studies, represented by Zhiyan and Fazang, take “Conditioned arising qua dharma-sphere” as one of their core doctrines, which actually contains rich implications for the theory of Buddhahood attainment. The translation of the Avataṃsaka-sūtra (eighty volumes version) and the prevalence of the Tathagatagarbha series sutra have brought about new ideological enlightenment to the development of Huayan thought. With the introduction of interpretive paradigms, such as “nature” and “appearance,” and “principle” and “phenomena,” the interpretation of the theory of Buddhahood attainment of Huayan thought underwent significant theoretical changes. This paper attempts to examine the theory of Buddhahood attainment in Huayan thought by referring to related discussions since the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It explores in what sense Huiyuan and Chengguan made theoretical innovations to the issue of Buddhahood attainment in traditional Huayan studies, with a particular emphasis on analyzing their interpretations and emphasis on “nature.” From this perspective, it can be seen that Chengguan maintained a consistent stance “based on dharma nature” in the theory of Buddhahood attainment, which, to a certain extent, clarifies the developmental context of the theory of Buddhahood attainment of Huayan thought in Tang Dynasty.
目次
I. 問題所在 36 II. 傳統華嚴學中的“緣生”與“理實” 38 III. 慧苑華嚴思想中“法性”與“佛智”的成佛論意義 43 IV. 澄觀“以性融相”思想及其“體理”說 47 V. 結語 52
