阿德勒=Adler; 社會興趣=social interest; 毒癮更生人=people leaving drug addiction; 社會復歸=return to society
摘要
無論毒品成癮的原因為何，有些人反復沈淪於毒品的沈痾，也有些人戒離毒品復歸社會，是本研究探索的起始點；如何協助毒癮更生人復歸社會一直是毒品戒治的大哉問，個人意志力強化、家族親友支持、社會資源協助，耗時費力拉拔毒癮更生人戒癮的同時，毒癮復發的歷程卻也持續消磨毒癮更生人的信心及週邊親朋友伴的信任。 本研究以質性方法，依阿德勒提出的社會興趣觀點，探究三位研究參與者投身戒癮助人工作及持續戒癮的生命歷程。研究發現戒癮更生人的社會興趣，初始動機或許只是透過工作的機會，滿足個人生活所需或自我救贖的可能，但藉由戒癮工作融入社會，與他人合作的社會興趣增加了與他人的連結；投身戒癮助人工作發揮個人能力與專長，所得到他人的肯定及認同，可強化被社會接納的歸屬感及自我肯定力量，堅定其戒癮的決心。 因此，協助毒癮更生人持續戒癮，更積極且正向的做法是增加與社會連結，摒除被社會排除的孤立感；並在社會專業分工的情況下，讓毒癮更生人有機會發揮個別專長，讓他人的肯定與認同成為持續戒癮的正向循環。藉此，毒品戒治將不只是個人意志力的考驗，而是透過與社會合作所產生的意義及歸屬感，成為克服心魔，持續戒癮的自主力量。 Regardless of the reasons for drug addiction, some individuals fall repeatedly into drugs while others are able to abstain and return to society. The starting point of this study aims to explore the great question: how to assist drug addicts by treating their drug addiction and returning to society? Through the strengthening of personal will, support from friends and family, and social resources, the time-consuming efforts to uplift people leaving drug addiction are filled with withdrawals that continue to torment their confidence and deplete the trust of their friends and family members. This study applies the qualitative method and Alfred Adler’s social interest theory to explore three research subjects who have devoted themselves to helping people with addiction and their continuous recovery from addiction. The study found that in terms of the social interest of these subjects, their initial motive was to utilize a job opportunity to satisfy their personal needs or for the possibility of self-salvation. They utilized the addiction work to blend into society, cooperate with others, and increase the number of connections with others; the affirmation and acknowledgment from others gained by applying their capabilities and expertise boosted their sense of belonging and self-affirmation, thereby reinforcing their determination to quit the addiction. Therefore, a more assertive and positive method of supporting people leaving drug addiction is to increase their ties to society and eliminate the sense of isolation; through the professional distribution of work in society, people leaving drug addiction have the chance to utilize their individual expertise, earn the affirmation and acknowledgment of others, and establish a positive cycle to quit their addiction. As such, leaving drug addiction is more than a test of personal will, but significance and a sense of belonging generated through social cooperation to overcome challenges and establish an autonomous power to leave drug addiction.
