Introduction 368 1. Nidhi as a cultural category in Indian thinking 374 2. Guru Chos dbang, nidhi, and gter ma. 384 3. The Āryavidyottamamahātantra, Kriyātantra, Nidhiśāstras, and Gter ma 403 4. The Translation from the Āryavidyottamamahātantra 417 Bibliography 438