Author Affiliation: Amrita University, Bengaluru Campus, India.
摘要
Though in religions such as Buddhism, because of its non-theological framework, the presence of any supreme creator god or goddess is denied, however, the existence of divinities is well acknowledged within the religious structure of Buddhism. On the ontological level, the existence of divinities is posited by the texts of Sutra as well as Tantra system of Buddhism. The higher versions of non-dual tantra posit these divinities to have a non-intrinsic nature. In Hevajra-tantra, the sentient beings and the Buddha are said to be essentially one. This essential of non-duality has continuing importance in the meditative visualization and ritualistic practices of tantra.
目次
Early tantra traditions 104 Misunderstandings of tantra and its practices 110 Interpretation of Tantra by Western scholars 110 Neo-tantra movements and the Occult paradigm of Vajrayana Buddhism 112 Feminine divine in the feminist framework 112 Research on goddesses of early Buddhism 113 Ḍākinī and Yakṣiṇī in Buddhism 115 Female deities in non-Buddhist tantric systems 116 Divine feminine and Female Buddhas 117 Goddesses in the historical sources 120 Feminine form of Dhāraṇī 121 Contemplative practices and female deities 122 Forms of tantra deities and their visualization 124 Classification of Buddhist tantra 124 Yogic practice depicted in Vajrayoginī image 125 Conclusion 127 Bibliography 127
