1. Special Issue: Transforming Feminisms: Religion, Women, and Ecology.
2. Author Affiliation: University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, USA.
摘要
To date almost nothing has been written, at least in the English language, that calls itself "Buddhist ecofeminism,"¹ including my own writings on Buddhist ecology (see Gross 1995, 2000, 2001).² There is significant literature written by Western Buddhists and Western scholars of Buddhism on the possibilities and contours of Buddhist ecological vision (see Kaza and Kraft 2000, Tucker and Williams 1997, Swearer 2005, Kaza 2003). There is also a large body of influential work on ecofeminism (see Ruether 2005, Hopgood-Oster 2005, Adams 1994, Merchant 1980, Griffin 1978, Mies and Shiva 1993), almost none of which was written by Buddhists. Ecofeminism is so popular in some Western circles that claims are made that it is the "third wave of feminism," following the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century movement to secure voting rights for women in much of the Western world, and the re-emergence of a feminist movement in the 1960s and the following decades. There is also a small but very influential body of literature on Buddhism and feminism (see Boucher 1993, Gross 1993, Klein 1995). The question posed here is, "Why is there nothing on Buddhism and ecofeminism, given the large body of literature on Buddhism and ecology, the influence of feminist analyses of Buddhism, and the prevalence of ecofeminism in contemporary Western discourse?" These are the threads I will attempt to untangle in this article, presented as a Buddhist evaluation of ecofeminism.
目次
Abstract 17 The First Thread: A Preliminary Definition of Ecofeminism 17 The Second Thread: Feminism Before Ecofeminism 18 The Third Thread: What Does "Feminism" Add to Ecology? What Does "Eco" Add to Feminism? 20 The Fourth Thread: Add Buddhism and Stir 25 The Relevance and Limits of Feminism 28 Conclusion: A Buddhist Critique of Ecofeminism 29 Notes 30 Works Cited 31
