Authors and affiliations:Balliol College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
摘要
This paper analyzes the reasons for which the incorporeal ultimate reality called the “Gnostic Body” (jñānakāya) is categorized as a “body” in the Kālacakra tradition. It examines the diverse ways in which the body imagery is applied to ultimate reality within this tradition. Although conceptions of the Gnostic Body (jñāna-kāya) as a special category of the Buddha-body have been included in all of the unexcelled yoga-tantras (anuttara-yoga-tantras), they are most extensively elaborated upon in the Kālacakra literature. For this reason, the analysis is primarily based on the Indian Kālacakratantra literary corpus (11th century) (From among the Kālacakratantra literature, I consulted the Kālacakratrantra with the Vimalaprabhā, Nāropā’s Sekodde?a?īkā, Sādhuputra’s Sekodde?a?ipa?ī, and the ?a??ngayoga of Anupamarak?ita.) and to the closely related Mañju?rīnāmasaṃgīti, Ravi?rījñāna’s commentary on the Mañju?rīnāmasaṃgīti, the Am?taka?ikā?ippa?ī, and Vibhūticandra’s subcommentary Am?taka?ikodyotanibandha (12th–13th centuries). In so doing, it will bring forth the evaluative and classificatory usages of the term jñāna-kāya in the aforementioned sources, and the analysis is concerned with both the heuristic and provocative functions of their discourses. It also addresses the interpretative framework through which the Kālacakra tradition constructs the notions of embodiment and suggests that Buddhist esoteric discourse can be useful in demonstrating that the concept of a body can be understood as a broader category that extends from a physical body, to an immaterial perceptible form, and to the pure nondual awareness. An analysis of the multileveled constructions of the Gnostic Body (jñāna-kāya) in the Indian Vajrayāna tradition opens new questions and new avenues of investigation with respect to critical assessments of the rubric of the “body,” while bringing to light new models of embodiment.
目次
Introduction 46 The Gnostic Body as a Realm of Gnosis 48 The Gnostic Body as a Collection of Bliss and Gnosis 50 The Gnostic Body as a Realm of Experience 52 The Gnostic Body as a Set of Esoteric Teachings and Practices 55 The Gnostic Body as a Habitus of All Divine Forms 56 The Gnostic Body as a Social Habitus of Gnosis 57 Conclusion 58 References 59
