神道=Shintō; 日本佛教=Japanese Buddhism; 新宗教運動=new religious movements; 包容=inclusivism; 多元化=pluralism; 全球化=globalization
摘要
The analysis of various discourses emerging from contemporary Japanese religions shows that the endorsement of religious pluralism (“all religions have equal dignity”) may not go beyond a formal stage, and that the underlying pattern in interreligious communication is rather that of religious inclusivism (“other religions are approximations to the truth and therefore inferior”). Th is attitude toward the religious ‘other’ may be found in Shintō, Japanese Buddhism, and in new religious movements, and is meaningfully related in many cases to the nihonjin-ron and nihonkyō-ron discourses and the critique of monotheism. Th is article also illustrates how the option for religious inclusivism in Japan may be related to the dynamics of globalization in various ways. On the one hand, it counts as a repositioning of ‘native’ religious traditions within a global society characterized by the progressive relativization of religious values, and shows an awareness of the world as a ‘single place.’ On the other hand, it may be closely related to the push toward glocalization and the role of religion as a resource for the solution of global problems.
目次
Introduction 84 Japan’s Identity and Shintō Inclusivism 85 Sacred Mountains, Buddhism, and Inclusivism 87 New Religious Movements and the Challenge of Pluralism 91 Religious Inclusivism in Japan and the Global Context 93 Conclusion 96
