本文主要探討印度佛教與印度教相互的影響，特別從瑜伽派的《瑜伽經》與佛教思想作比較。從《瑜伽經》中明顯受佛教影響的 專用術語開始談起，進而透過「心」、「戒」、「三昧」、和「智」等面向擴展視野，以概念性的比較補充分析，希望能以較更深入的層面比較兩派之間的影響關係。 藉由《瑜伽經》與佛教思想的比較，本文認為在戒律方面，《瑜伽經》主要是接受《奧義書》、耆那教一貫下來的苦行修持，與佛陀捨棄無意義的極端苦行不同。但是在禪定理論和智的產生，《瑜伽經》受到佛教思想的影響相當深。這說明在公元三至六世紀左右，佛教思想的確影響到印度教，特別是在禪修理論方面。在文章的最後，附有《瑜伽經》中文譯注，以方便助益台灣學界對於印度學、或佛學與印度學的比較研究。 The present paper discusses the inter-influence between Buddhism and Hinduism, especially comparison between the Yoga-sūtra of the Yoga school and Buddhist Thought. Firstly, the comparison is on the similar terminologies used in the Yoga-sūtra and Buddhist thought. Secondly, on the conceptional level, comparison focuses on the mind (citta), the precept(śīla), the concentration(samādhi), and the wisdom (jñāna). From these two aspects, I wish comparison between the Yoga school and Buddhism will reach a deeper level.Through comparison between the Yoga-sūtra and Buddhist thought, the present paper concluded that in terms of the precpet, the Yoga-sūtra follows the tapas practices from the Upaniṣad and Jaina tradition, different from the Buddhist thought. However, in terms of the meditative theory and the wisdom(jñāna), the Yoga-sūtra is deeply influenced by Buddhist thought. It indicates that during the third to sixth century, Buddhism did influent Hinduism, especially on the meditative theory. There is a Chinese translation of Yoga-sūtra as the appendix of this paper.
