An Indian Buddhist classic introduced into China in early time, Sutra of Matanga pre-sents an Indian astrological knowledge, which is unfolded along a lovely story of mar-riage. According to it the celestial hierarchy of ancient India put ang at the foremost po-sition of the twenty-eight constellations, as different from its Chinese counterpart inwhich jiao ranks first. However, this sequence is similar to that popular in the Liangshanarea of the Yi people in southwest China. The reason for the resemblance remains for thefuture research. The fragments of Sutra of Matanga and Sutra of Sardula-karna in this es-say are from Dunhuang.
