Introduction 399 Chance and Epistemology 402 Chance and Salvation 405 Udayana and Seeing God 405 The Pañcadaśī (Pañcadaśī 1912; Pañcadaśī 1984) 406 The Yogavāsiṣṭha 409 The Palm and Crow and the Denial of the Soul: Śilāṅkācārya’s Commentary to the Ācārāṅga sūtra 412 Conclusions 413