The author is the Senior Researcher, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Science. 作者為俄羅斯科學院東方文獻研究所資深研究員
關鍵詞
Tibetan manuscripts=藏文手寫本; Buddhist Tantra=佛教經典; fierce rites=激狂儀式; Mahākāla=大黑天; Vişņu=毗濕奴人獅身
摘要
The paper presents the unique Tibetan scroll from 13th to 14th century containing a collection of texts on the cults of Mahākāla, Vişņu Narasiṅha and Vajrapāni and the Eight Nāga Kings. The scroll, numbered Dx-178, is kept at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences and was presumably brought to St Petersburg by Colonel P. Kozlov from Khara-Khoto. Though a variety of genres is represented in this manuscript there prevail descriptions of fierce rituals aimed at killing or causing madness. Mahākāla, in two forms such as the Six-Handed Wisdom Protector and the Four-Handed Raven-Faced Karma Protector, and Vişņu Narasińha, of whose cult in Tibet nothing was known so far, can be used for this purpose, according to the scroll. The paper contains the list of these texts and their brief description, two of them, fully transliterated and translated into English, are supplied in the appendix. The paper presents also some remarks on the meaning of this kind of literature and necessity of its research.
本文呈現從13至14世紀的大黑天(Mahākāla)、毗濕奴的人獅身(Vişņu Narasinha)、金剛手菩薩(Vajrapani)、和第八那伽王(the Eight Naga Kings)中，獨特的藏文寫本膜拜儀式資料集成。其寫本第Dx-178號被保存在俄羅斯科學院東方古文書寫本研究所(Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences)，可能是由柯茲洛夫(Colonel P. Kozlov)從哈拉浩特(Khara-Khoto)帶到聖彼得堡(St. Petersburg)。儘管各類題材在此寫本中呈現，但盛行著以殺害或造成瘋狂為目標的激狂儀式的敘述。根據寫本，大黑天(Mahākāla)有兩種形式，如六臂智慧護法(the Six-Handed Wisdom Protector)和四臂黑面護法(the Four-Handed Raven-Faced Karma Protector)和毗濕奴人獅身，這些作為此用途的膜拜儀式，目前為止在西藏還不為人所知。本文含概這些文獻的目錄與其內容的簡要描述；其中兩者完全音譯和翻譯成英文，提供在附錄中。文中亦針對此類文獻的意義及其研究的需求提出一些注釋。
目次
I.The Texts on Mahākāla 33 (1)No.3 of the scroll 33 (2)No.4 of the scroll 34 (3)No.5 of the scroll 34 (4)No.6 of the scroll 36 (5)No.9 of the scroll 38 (6)No.10 of the scroll 39 (7)No.11 of the scroll 39 (8)No.12 of the scroll 40 II.The texts on the Cult of Vişņu Narainha 41 (9)No.18 of the scroll 41 (10)No.19 of the scroll 42 (11)No.20 of the scroll 42
Appendix 48 1.The Puja of Sri Mahākāla's Rite 48 2.The Method of the Killing of an Enemy by means of Vişņu 53
