一山而五頂：多學科、跨方域、多文化視野中的五臺信仰研究國際學術研討會=An International Conference The Mountain of Five Plateaus： Studies of The Wutai Cult in Multidisciplinary and Transborder/Cultural Approaches
出版日期
2015.07
出版者
山西省佛教協會
出版地
山西, 中國 [Shanxi, China]
資料類型
會議論文=Proceeding Article
使用語言
英文=English
附註項
主辦方: Buddhist association of Shanxi Province 山西省佛教協會 作者單位：University of California in Davis 美國加州大學戴維斯分校
摘要
During the Heian period, few Japanese ventured overseas, particularly after 840, when the last ship of Japan’s final diplomatic missions to the Tang court returned home and, perhaps not coincidentally, Chinese merchants began to appear with some regularity in Japan. Among those who did travel to China, Buddhist monks were conspicuous because, although they were few in number, they kept records of their travels, some of which have been preserved. Pilgrimage to the Wutai Mountains was one of their principle goals. The Japanese pilgrim who left the most complete record of his journey to Wutai was Jōjin (1011-1081), who went to China in 1072 with seven disciples and remained there until his death. When five of his disciples returned to Japan in 1073, they brought with them Jōjin’s diary, The Record of a Pilgrimage to the Tiantai and Wutai Mountains (San Tendai Godai San Ki) in eight scrolls, of which the fifth covers their journey to Wutai in the eleventh and twelfth months of the Chinese calendar. Although it took nearly a month to get there, Jōjin spent only three full days at Wutai before heading back to the Song capital of Kaifeng, where he arrived just in time to greet the new year. During his brief stay, Jōjin accomplished the goals of his pilgrimage. He presented offerings he had brought from Japan and witnessed a manifestation of Mañjuśrī, the bodhisattva thought to dwell at Wutai. His account reveals both the importance of Wutai in the Buddhist imagination of Heian aristocrats and also provided a detailed, day by day, account of how a privileged pilgrim (Jōjin was traveling with an imperial escort) made the journey to Wutai. Details he provides range from the operation of the official system of relay stations to graffiti left by previous Chinese pilgrims.
