Bhikkhu Jagdish Kashyap Institute of Buddhist and Asian Studies, Aditya-Shyam Trust
出版地
Varanasi, India [瓦拉納西, 印度]
資料類型
期刊論文=Journal Article
使用語言
英文=English
摘要
Tsongkhapa as Dzokchenpa: Nyingma Discourses and Geluk Sources
Despite their frequent depiction as polar opposites, the Nyingma and Geluk tradiitons of Tibetan Buddhism have important and sometimes surprising points of connection. The focus of this article is the Geluk founder Tsongkhapa’s (1357–1419) relation to Nyingma teachers, doctrines, and practices. My more specific concern is to examine a particular, relatively long-standing Nyingma discourse suggesting that Tsongkhapa was a crypto-Dzokchenpa. The main “proof-text” for this claim is The Garland of Supreme Medicinal Nectar, which records questions about Dzokchen posed by Tsongkhapa to the buddha/bodhisattva Vajrapāṇi through the medium of his Nyingma teacher Lodrak Namkha Gyaltsen (or Lekyi Dorjé, 1326–1401), and the answers conveyed by Lekyi Dorjé. The dialogue covers questions about the purity, nature, categories, and potential pitfalls of the practice of the Great Perfection. Here, I (a) outline some Nyingma claims about Tsongkhapa’s enthusiasm for (or even partiality to) Dzokchen and his relation to Padmasambhava, (b) discuss the contents of the Garland of Supreme Medicinal Nectar and two other Lekyi Dorjé-related texts, (c) set the Garland and the shorter texts within the context of Tsongkhapa’s overall corpus and projects, (d) reflect on the perspectives of later Gelukpa masters who are taken by Nyingmapas to confirm Tsongkhapa’s partiality to Dzokchen, and (e) offer a concluding assessment of the validity, function, and import of the Nyingma claims to the effect that Tsongkhapa was a crypto-Dzokchenpa, finding the textual evidence to be weak, but the discourse itself to be religiously significant.
目次
1. Introduction: An interesting retreat 115
2. Some Nyingma discourses a. Dudjom Rinpoché 117 b. Getsé Mahapandita 122 c. Shabkar 125 d. Other Nyingma sources 129
3. Geluk sources 130 a. Lekyi Dorjé and Tsongkhapa 130 b. The Garland and the Nectar Drop 133 c. Tokden Jampal Gyatso and Gungru Gyaltsen Sangpo 137 d. Later Gelukpa perspectives 139
