This paper,through a study of religious practice of urban middle class in Thailand,reveals how believers respond to the problems in political transition through spiritual experience in the context of neoliberalism. Some researchers use the concept of "spiritual economy " to explain how individual religious practice is combined with a larger economic transformation process in the development of global capitalism.While the writer tries to put forward the concept of "spiritual politics",referring to the plan to transform individuals into more passionate religious subjects,and simultaneously,political subjects more self-conscious of individual value. Based on value priority of current individual liberation,religious practitioners among urban middle class in Thailand have developed an imagination of an atomized social organism that society is made up of individual,and the current ending of individual suffering is the prerequisite for the ending of social bitterness. The emphasis on individual rationality highlights the subjectivity of social actors,and religious practitioners’ opposition to the fatalism based on the theory of duality of the third world by using the idea that everyone can enter nirvana reflects the religious and political consciousness of the equality of all living beings.However,at the same time,the concept of an atomized social organism denies the social relations between individuals and the substantive meaning of social system,and takes an evasive attitude toward realistic problems like distributive justice. Moreover,the concept that everyone can enter nirvana fails to promote social reform. Therefore, the concept of spiritual politics embodies both transcendence and limitation of individualized religious practice.
