幻庵混修=Han’am Honsu; 光巖寺=Gwangamsa Temple; 工夫選=Gongbuseon selective examination; 懶翁慧勤=Naong Hyegeun; 고려말 불교정책=the policy of Buddhism in the late Goryo dynasty
摘要
고려의 마지막 국사인 환암혼수는 고려후기 선종의 양대기둥인 사굴산문 출신으로, 공민왕에게 발탁되어 우왕대 이후 국사를 역임한 선승이며, 조선 건국 후 입적하자 태조 이성계의 왕명으로 탑과 탑비가 청룡사에 조성되었다. 혼수는 여말선초 불교계 에서의 중요도에 비해 본격적인 연구가 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 그러나 공민왕 19 년 공민왕의 친정 선언을 앞두고 국왕 친림시로 개최된 공부선 이후 나옹혜근-환암 혼수로 이어지는 계보는 여말선초 불교의 주류를 형성하며 불교계를 이끌었다는 점에서 그의 활동과 사상은 심도 있게 연구될 필요가 있다. 특히 그의 생애와 활동은 고려말 불교정책과 불교교단의 문제, 공민왕대 공부선 개최, 우왕대 공민왕 추모불 사와 光巖寺 조성, 배불론의 대두, 법통설, 여말선초 선사상, 조선초 불교교단의 문제 등 여말선초 불교사 및 사상사 더 나아가 정치사 이해와도 직접 관련되어 있다.
This research was focus on Han’am Honsu’s (幻庵混修) life and his epoch, especially on Gongbuseon selective examination (工夫選) , his serve as Guksa (National Preceptor, 國師) , Buddhist service for the memory of King Gongmin (恭愍王) and his position of chief of Gwangamsa Temple (光巖寺) . Han’am Honsu was the last National Preceptor of Goryeo dynasty. King Gongmin selected talented people, including Seon monks, Honsu was one of them. In the King Wu’s (禑 王) reign, Honsu was appointed as the National Preceptor and he kept that position till the end of Goryeo dynasty. A study of Honsu from Sagulsamun school (闍崛山門) which was one of two main posts of late Goryeo Seon doesn’t have advanced, though his importance status in Buddhism of Late Goryeo and early Joseon period. Actually, the Gongbuseon selective examination held right before of King Gongmin’s declaration of King direct rule in his reign of 19 th year, was a key moment for Naong Hyegeun (懶翁慧勤) and Honsu. In that selection, Hyegeun had selection right and Hyegeun’s disciple, Honsu was the only successful candidate. It meant that the Hyegeun and Honsu’s line took the lead and became mainstream in Late Goryeo and early Joseon period. At this point, a deep study of Honsu’s life and thoughts was necessary.
