여말선초 수선사 16국사 고봉과 송광사 18주지 무학=Status and Memory of the sixteenth Guksa, Gobong of the Suseon temple & Eighteenth great Monk, Muhak of the Songgwang temple
수선사=Suseon temple; 송광사=Songkwang temple; 16국사=the sixteenth national monks; 18주지=Eighteenth great monks; 고봉=Gobong; 무학=Muhak; 나옹=Naong
摘要
본 논문은 여말선초 나옹혜근의 문도 고봉법장과 무학자초가 각기 수선사 제 16국사와 송광사 18주지로 추념된 사실을 살핀 연구이다. 무학자초는 고려말 지공의 제자 나옹과 함께 양주 회암사를 불교계의 중심 세터로 중흥시키려고 한 바 있으며, 특히 조선 건국 직후 왕사로 책봉되어 회암사를 중심으로 불교계를 중흥하고자 하였다. 고봉법장은 무학 왕사를 비롯한 불교계의 도움으로 조선초 퇴락한 송광사를 중창하였으며, 그의 부도가 송광사에 봉안되었다. 고봉이 수선사 제 16국사로 추념된 것은 조선중기 임진난을 전후하여 송광사의 고승의 활약에 힘입은 바 크다. 무학은 조선후기에 이르러 스승 지공·나옹과 함께 삼화상으로 존숭되면서 스승 나옹과 더불어 송광사 제 17·18주지로 추념되었다. 이렇듯 고봉이 수선사 16국사로, 무학과 그의 스승 나옹이 송광사 18주지로 추념되면서 송광사는 통도사와 해인사와 더불어 한국 불교계를 대표하는 삼보종찰로 정립되었다.
This paper aims to explore the status and significance of the sixteenth Guksa, Gobong of the Suseon temple & Eighteenth great Monk, Muhak of the Songgwang templeTheir disciples ware appointed of the head preist of Suseon Temple such as Muhak & Gobong who were Naong's disciples. Muhak became a head priest of main Buddhist temple, Song Kwang-Sa and participated in reconstruction of Hwe-am-sa. Since the death of Hae-keun, Muhak concentrated himself on Buddhist rituals and services for cherishing Hae-keun, Chi-kong. At the Same time, he participated in establishing new Dynasty with Yi, Sung-kye. The detail story was well preserved in the official document, Jeong-Jo Sillok of Yi dynasty. As soon as the new dynasty was founded, Muhak discharged his obligation as the King's official tudor. Gobong was not designated as a national monk, because the system of a king’s adviser and a national monk had been abolished. And Gobong had reconstructed the Songgwang temple by the aid of Muhak in the period of early Joseon dynasty. Gobong’s stupa was built after his death in the Songgwang temple. Gobong was cherished the memory of the Sixteenth Guksa in the period of middle Joseon DynastyMuhak was payed a tribute to the memory of the eighteenth Guksa at the Songgwang temple in the period of late Joseon Dynasty. Therefore, Songgwang temple has produced the sixteen master monks and eighteenth great Monk in the period of late Joseon Dynasty. and the Songgwang temple was designated as the sangha treasure temple. Ever since, Songgwang temple with Haein temple and Tongdo temple are called the three treasure monasteries in Korea.
目次
I. 머리말 52 II. 무학자초와 고봉법장의 여말선초 불교계 활동과 위상 53 III. 수선사 제 16국사 고봉과 송광사제 18주지 무학의 추념 64 IV. 맺음말 71
