대승불교 초기경전에 나타난 경전 숭배 - 『법화경』을 중심으로=The Worship of the Scriptures Appearing in The Sutra of Mahayana Buddhism: Focusing on the Sutra of the Lotus

신명희 (著)=Sin, Myung-hee (au.)

作者

신명희 (著)=Sin, Myung-hee (au.)

出處題名

동아시아불교문화=Journal of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture

卷期

v.50 n.0

出版日期

2022.04

頁次

31 - 62

出版者

동아시아불교문화학회=The Association of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture

出版者網址

http://www.easternasia.kr/

出版地

Busan, Korea [釜山, 韓國]

資料類型

期刊論文=Journal Article

使用語言

韓文=Korean

附註項

저자정보: 전(前) 대한불교조계종 교육원 불학연구소장.

關鍵詞

경전숭배=tower engraved with a Buddhist scripture; 오종수행= 5 kinds of practice; 보살=bodhisattva; 법화경=‘The Sutra of the Lotus’; 경탑=經塔=scripture worship; tower engraved with a Buddhist scripture

摘要

이 논문은 대승불교 경전 가운데 하나인 『법화경(法華經)』이 주요 텍스트이다. 『법화경』에 나타난 경전 숭배가 어떻게 형성ㆍ발전되었고, 법화행자로서 어떤 행을 실천하며, 그 실천한 행법에 어떤 공덕이 있는가를 규명하려는 목적으로 작성되었다. B.C. 50년 무렵, 대승불교 교단이 발전하는 종교적 장소가 불탑이었다. 대승불교 교단은 불탑을 중심으로 경전을 결집하고, 성립하였다. 그런데 점차 불탑(佛塔) 신앙보다는 경전 숭배로 발전되었다. 탑은 두 가지 양태이다. 부처님의 사리가 모셔진 스투파(stūpa)와 대승불교가 일어난 직후 성행하게 된 경탑(經塔)을 가리키는 차이트야(caitya)이다. 대승불교 경전은 불탑 신앙과 경전 숭배가 혼재되어 있으면서 경전 숭배를 강조하고 있다. 『법화경』에서는 전반부 제 10 「법사품」 이전까지는 불탑 신앙이 중심이고, 중반부[11품~20품]에는 불탑과 경전 숭배가 혼재되어 있으며, 후반부[21품~ ]에는 경전 숭배가 강조되어 있다. 경전을 불탑 안에 모시고 공양하기 때문에 경전 숭배 또한 불탑 신앙의 연장이라고 볼 수 있다. 『법화경』에서는 경전 숭배를 나타내면서 경전이 있는 어떤 곳이든 여래가 모셔진 곳이므로 사리를 봉안할 필요가 없다고 하였다. 그런데 경전을 숭배하는 『법화경』 법사들은 박해와 질타를 받는데, 법화행자는 어떤 박해에도 굴하지 않아야 한다고 하면서 인욕을 강조하였다. 이렇게 경전을 숭배하면서 경전 숭배 실천법으로 오종 수행을 제시하고 있다. 오종 수행은 수지(受持)ㆍ독경(讀經)ㆍ송경(誦經)ㆍ해설(解說)ㆍ서사(書寫)이다. 한편 『법화경』에서는 5종 수행의 공덕이 나타나 있다. 경전 숭배한 공덕으로 수기를 받아 성불할 수 있다는 점, 보살로서 안락한 삶을 보장받는다는 점, 부처를 친견한다는 점, 보살로서 수행하는데 걸림이 없다고 하였다.

In this thesis, ‘The Sutra of the Lotus’, which is one of the scriptures of the Mahayana Buddhism, is the main text. It had been written with the purpose of investigating how the worship of the scriptures that appear in The Sutra of the Lotus had been formed and developed, what practice is put into practice as a Buddhist, and what element there is in the good deed of having practiced. Around 50 years B.C., the religious place where the Mahayana Buddhism order had developed was a pagoda. The Mahayana Buddhism order had concentrated and established a scripture by being centered on a pagoda. But, gradually, rather than the pagoda faith, the worship of the scriptures had appeared. The tower had two kinds of aspects. They are the stupa, where the Buddha's sarira had been enshrined, and the caitya which points at the Buddhist scripture tower, which got around to being prevailing right after the Mahayana Buddhism had taken place. Regarding the scriptures of the Mahayana Buddhism, while the Buddhist tower faith and the scriptures worship had been mixed, the worship of the scriptures has been emphasized. In ‘The Sutra of the Lotus’, until before the No.10 legal item of the first half, the Buddhist tower worship is the center. And, in the middle part, the Buddhist tower and the worship of the scriptures have been mixed. And, in the latter part, the worship of the scriptures has been emphasized. Because the scriptures are enshrined inside the Buddhist tower and are offered to the Buddha, it can be considered that the worship of the scriptures, also, is an extension of the Buddhist faith. In ‘The Sutra of the Lotus’, while representing the scripture worship, wherever the place there is the scripture, because it is a place where the Buddha is enshrined, there is no need to enshrine the relics of the Buddha. But, the ‘The Sutra of the Lotus’ Buddhist priests who worship the scripture receive the persecution and the rebukes. While saying that they must not succumb to any persecution, a person who does the Buddhist paintings had emphasized the bearing of the insults. While worshiping the scripture in this way, as the methods of putting into practice the worship of the scripture, 5 kinds of the practice have been presented. The 5 kinds of the practices are the suji, the poison song, the sutra recital, the commentary, and the narrative books. Meanwhile, in ‘The Sutra of the Lotus’, the good deeds of the 5 kinds of the practices appear. The point that, with the good deed that had been carried out, the Buddhahood can be attained by receiving the handwriting. The point that the guarantee of the comfortable life can be received as the Bodhisattva. The point that the Buddha is seen personally. And it was said that there is no obstacle in practising as the Bodhisattva.

Ⅰ. 서론 34
 Ⅱ. 불교사적 관점에서 본 『법화경』 사상 35
 Ⅲ. 『법화경』에 나타난 경전 숭배 39
 Ⅳ. 경전 숭배자의 실천 행법 48
 Ⅴ. 결론 59

ISSN

27140938 (P); 27140946 (E)

DOI

10.21718/EABC.2022.50.02

點閱次數

建檔日期

2023.06.18

更新日期

2023.06.18