The court of Emperor Tang Gaozong 唐高宗 (r. 649–683) marked a critical period for the spread of ‘Esoteric Buddhism’ (Mijiao 密教) in China. Furthermore, Ximing Monastery 西明寺, built during the Xianqing 顯慶 reign (656–661), served as an impressive and magnificent site, allowing eminent monks and erudite translators to gather and often take residence there. It was also the site where the translation of many Esoteric Buddhist scriptures occurred. This study discusses several key Tang dynasty monk-translators who took part in translating ‘Esoteric Buddhist’ scriptures at this site and the historical and religious significance of these translation projects. Finally, this study will demonstrate the pivotal role Ximing Monastery played in the historical development of Esoteric Buddhism in China.
