Qinggui; vinaya; contemporary Chinese Buddhism; nuns; Taiwan
摘要
Vinaya rules embody the ideal of how ordained Buddhists should regulatetheir daily lives, and monastics are required to observe them, despite the factthat they were compiled nearly 2,500 years ago in India: a context dramatically different not only from Chinese Mahāyāna Buddhism’s present monastic conditions, but also from its historical conditions. Against this backdrop,rules of purity (qinggui) were gradually formulated by Chinese masters in me-dieval times to supplement and adapt vinaya rules to China’s cultural ethosand specific local contexts. This ethnographic study explores how the traditional qinggui are applied by the Buddhist saṅgha in present-day Taiwan, andcontrasts modern nuns’ opinions on these rules and their relation to early Buddhist vinaya, on the one hand, against classical Chan literature (such as Chanyuan qinggui) and the Buddhist canon (such as Dharmaguptaka-vinaya), on the other. This comparison fills a notable gap in the existing literature. Whileits three fieldwork sites — Foguangshan, Fagushan and Luminary Nunnery— may not be fully representative of the contemporary Taiwanese monastic scene, they have well-developed saṅgha organizations and operations covering a large swath of the region’s territory, as well as the more modernist or humanistic Buddhist outlook that is increasingly prevalent there.
目次
Introduction 249 Analysis of the fieldwork data 255 Monastery personnel systems 256 Monastic stipend systems 260 Monastic welfare systems 263 Conditions of joining the saṅgha 267 Systems of pursuing advanced studies 270 Conclusion 273 Acknowledgements 275 Abbreviations 275 Bibliography 275
