宗派與社群：清初逃禪的宗教文化解讀——以復社逃禪群體為切入點=Sects and Communities: Religious and Cultural Interpretation of Escaping Buddhist Converts in Early Qing Dynasty: A Study that Begins with the Escaping Buddhist Converts in the Restoration Society
In order to meet the changes that were brought about by the replacement of Ming Dynasty by Qing Dynasty, a huge number of people who used to serve in the court of Ming Dynasty and scholar with great talents and virtue removed their hair and became buddhist monks, promoting the cult for officials and scholars to turn escaping buddhist converts. The phenomenon of escaping buddhist converts in early Qing Dynasty includes inclination both to “escape away from” and to “escape into” a certain thing. The paradoxical nature here shows the unique property of religion and the tension in thoughts. As representative forces of scholars both in and beyond the court, Restoration Society and Sanfeng Sect blended gradually, forming potential threat to the ruler of Qing Dynasty. Their cultural influences were drastically different from that of the official ideology as well. Part of the reason for Sanfeng Sect’s support for escaping buddhist converts in Restoration Society arose from their general disgust caused by Qing army’s butchering of people on its way south and Qing government’s oppressive policy to cut people’s hair. Another part of the reason was related to some great buddhist leaders’aloofness from the royal power and their resistance against the rule of foreign power. Besides, an even more powerful force that blended the Restoration Society and the Sanfeng Sect was the long-term interaction between the two and the growing identification that grew out of the interaction.
