民國浙江佛教=Buddhism in Zhejiang in Republican year; 居士佛教=lay Buddhism; 馬一浮=lay Buddhism; 般若會=Bannuo Hui; 儒佛關係=Confucianism-Buddhism relationship
摘要
民國之初，除嘉興範古農外，浙江佛教居士中對佛學深造有得且影響甚大者，當推寓居杭州的一代儒學宗師馬一浮（1883—1967）。馬一浮不僅於1914年組織了“般若會”這一浙江最早的學佛同好組織，而且還與杭州禪僧密切交往，形成了對中國佛學的獨特理解。馬一浮的“知性化”學佛取向，透過《大乘起信論》等中國化佛典，關注禪宗、華嚴宗等中國化佛教宗派的義理析取，設法融入其儒家經學義旨的探求。這一取向，因其過於學理化及個體化，限制了馬一浮對佛教實踐修持的理解，最終導致他復歸於儒家學統。 In the early republican years, among the influential lay buddhists in Zhejiang, besides Fan Gunong, Ma Yifu(1883-1967) was one of the greatest masters who made a notable contribution to Confucianism and Buddhism. In 1914,he founded the Bannuo Hui, the earliest organization in Zhejiang for learning Bhuddhism. Moreover, he had close contacts with the buddhists and monks in Hagnzhou and developed his own unique understanding of Chinese Buddhism. His "intellectual" Buddhism orientation, based on the learnings from the Buddhist scriptures such as Mahayana-sraddhotpada-sastra which was integrated in Chinese culture, focused on the "yi" and "li" of Chinese Buddhist schools such as the Chan School and Hua-ye School. However, such an orientation, due to its excessively theoretical and individualized nature, confined his undestanding of Buddhism practice, which in result took him back to Confucianist tradition.
