Lesson 18

Imperative of the passive is created in the same way. This form is widely used especially in 3. person: kriyatam (let [it] be done), aniyantam (let [them] be brought).

Some verbs, otherwise active, often take Atmanepada terminations: vadasva replaces vada (say!).

1. mahisaya ghaso diyatam |

2. acaryaj labhasva prayawcittaj samacareti papaj dvijataya adiwanti |

3. kavyani racayama kirtij vindama nrpatinawrayamahai wriyaj labhamaha iti kavinaj niwcayah |

4. dharmaya devanyajavaha arthaya kirtaye ca sabhasu panditaih saha vivadavaha iti brahmanasya putrau bhanatah |

5. bhojanasya kalaj pratiksasva |

6. kalidasasya natakamadyaivabhiniyatam |

7. idanij devalaye pujacaryatam |

8. guravah wisyaih sarvatranugamyantaj samyaksevyantaj ca |

9. satyaj sadocyatam |

10. viprasya kanya viprenaiva pariniyatam |

11. durjanasya ca sarpasya varaj sarpo na durjanah |
     sarpo dawati kalena durjanastu pade pade ||

The exercise key

1. Let brahmins not cross the sea (pass).

2. Do not neglect illnesses.

3. Let a twice-born marry a twice-born's daughter (act).

4. Let it be thus!

5. Let an ascetic not converse with women.

6. Let a king never neglects the protection of subjects.

7. Let hymns of praise to Shiva be sung.

8. Let women and children are not killed in the war.

The exercise key

prati+iks-, pratiksate (I): to await, to expect

upa+iks-, upeksate (I): to neglect

anu+gam-, anugacchati (I): to follow

sam+a+car-, samacarati (I): to perform

abhi+ni-, abhinayati (I): to conduct, to act

bhan-, bhanati (I): to say

sam+bhas-, sajbhasate (I): to converse, to talk with (Ins.)

a+wri-, awrayate (I): to depend on, to seek refuge in

han-, caus. ghatayati: to kill

kala-, m.: time, death

kalidasa-, m.: the poet Kalidasa

ghasa-, m.: grass, pasture

durjana-, m.: bad man, villain

devalaya-, m.: temple

nataka-, n.: play, drama

niwcaya-, m.: decision

pandita-, m.: scholar, learned man

pada-, n.: step, place

puja-, f.: worship, homage

prayawcitta-, n.: expiation, atonement

bhojana-, n.: food

mahisa-, m.: buffalo

yati-, m.: ascetic

yuddha-, m.: war

roga-, m.: illness

vara-, adj.: better, best

idanim, adv.: now

kalena, adv.: sometimes

samyak, adv.: well, rightly